It is Cool to Be Kind: Promoting a Culture of Civility in BSN Students

Incivility in nursing education is a growing area of concern for students, educators, and the entire health care system. It takes many forms within the classroom and clinical setting. Students and faculty can be the perpetrator or the recipient of uncivil behaviors. Incivility can also have a negative effect on patient safety and the clinical outcomes for patients. Because of these issues, it is imperative that schools of nursing implement measures to educate and promote a culture of civility in the next generation of professional nurses

The Fragile Balance of Power and Leadership

The aim of this article is to first define effective leadership and power, highlighting the differences between the two. The focal point is that power and effective leadership are not interchangeable and should not be treated as such. Power is a tool while effective leadership is a skill. Simply because a person wields power does not necessarily mean that he or she is an effective leader. Conversely, we will discuss how a leader is unquestionably endowed with a certain degree of power in order to maintain that particular position. Finally, because leaders have power at their disposal, we will explore ways in which power can negatively affect a leader, rendering that individual largely ineffective and exposing the extremely fragile relationship between these two terms

What Are the Barriers Which Discourage 15-16 Year-Old Girls from Participating in Team Sports and How Can We Overcome Them?

Given the clear benefits of regular physical activity (such as reduced risks of cardiovascular disease and obesity, as well as other benefits including those related to mental health), exploration of the reasons that adolescent girls give for not taking part in team sports may be particularly valuable for enhancing later rates of participation. We combined questionnaires and semistructured interviews to assess the barriers that prevent 15-16-year-old girls from participating in extracurricular team games and what can be done to overcome these barriers and improve physical activity levels. Four barriers became prominent as to why girls in this sample do not participate: Internal Factors, Existing Stereotypes, Other Hobbies and Teachers. Methods to overcome these barriers were identified; changing teachers’ attitudes and shifting the media’s focus away from male sport. Following the successful summer Olympics and Paralympics in the UK, and the resulting positive focus on some of the nation’s female athletes, a shift in focus may be possible. However, this needs to be maintained to allow girls more opportunities, role models and motivation to participate in sport

A baseline appraisal of water-dependant ecosystem services, the roles they play within desakota livelihood systems and their potential sensitivity to climate change

This report forms part of a larger research programme on 'Reinterpreting the Urban-Rural Continuum', which conceptualises and investigates current knowledge and research gaps concerning 'the role that ecosystems services play in the livelihoods of the poor in regions undergoing rapid change'. The report aims to conduct a baseline appraisal of water-dependant ecosystem services, the roles they play within desakota livelihood systems and their potential sensitivity to climate change. The appraisal is conducted at three spatial scales: global, regional (four consortia areas), and meso scale (case studies within the four regions). At all three scales of analysis water resources form the interweaving theme because water provides a vital provisioning service for people, supports all other ecosystem processes and because water resources are forecast to be severely affected under climate change scenarios. This report, combined with an Endnote library of over 1100 scientific papers, provides an annotated bibliography of water-dependant ecosystem services, the roles they play within desakota livelihood systems and their potential sensitivity to climate change. After an introductory, section, Section 2 of the report defines water-related ecosystem services and how these are affected by human activities. Current knowledge and research gaps are then explored in relation to global scale climate and related hydrological changes (e.g. floods, droughts, flow regimes) (section 3). The report then discusses the impacts of climate changes on the ESPA regions, emphasising potential responses of biomes to the combined effects of climate change and human activities (particularly land use and management), and how these effects coupled with water store and flow regime manipulation by humans may affect the functioning of catchments and their ecosystem services (section 4). Finally, at the meso-scale, case studies are presented from within the ESPA regions to illustrate the close coupling of human activities and catchment performance in the context of environmental change (section 5). At the end of each section, research needs are identified and justified. These research needs are then amalgamated in section 6

Tracking of toddler fruit and vegetable preferences to intake and adiposity later in childhood

This study examined whether toddlers' liking for fruit and vegetables (FV) predicts intake of FV later in childhood, how both relate to childhood adiposity and how these were moderated by factors in infancy. Children in the Gateshead Millennium Study were recruited at birth in 1999–2000. Feeding data collected in the first year were linked to data from a parental questionnaire completed for 456 children at age 2.5 years (30 m) and to anthropometry, skinfolds and bioelectrical impedance and 4‐day food diary data collected for 293 of these children at age 7 years. Aged 30 months, 50% of children were reported to like eight different vegetables and three fruits, but at 7 years, children ate a median of only 1.3 (range 0–7) portions of vegetables and 1.0 portion of fruit (0–4). Early appetite, feeding problems and food neophobia showed significant univariate associations with liking for FV aged 30 m, but the number of vegetables toddlers liked was the only independent predictor of vegetable consumption at age 7 years (odds ratio (OR) 1.28 p < 0.001). Liking for fruit aged 30 m also independently predicted fruit intake (OR = 1.31, p = 0.016), but these were also related to deprivation (OR = 2.69, p = 0.001) maternal education (OR = 1.28, p = 0.039) and female gender (OR = 1.8, p = 0.024). Children eating more FV at age 7 years had slightly lower body mass index and skinfolds. An early liking for FV predicted increased later intake, so increasing early exposure to FV could have long term beneficial consequences

Constructing (Dis)ability through participation in early childhood markets: Preschool leaders’ enrolment decision-making

This article employs a critical case study (critical disability studies and critical policy analysis) to unpack how leaders in publicly funded private prekindergarten programs invoke conceptions of normality, and subsequently abnormality, during decision-making processes for student (dis)enrolment. More specifically, this research is concerned with ways private preschool leaders’ constructions of disability are implicated in decision-making affecting student enrolment and disenrollment, thereby facilitating constructions of children’s participation in this state-sanctioned early childhood education program. Three leadership teams at private preschools participated in responsive interviews, observations, and provided policy and curricular documents for analysis. Findings reveal how policy, market, and preschool leaders’ conceptions of (ab)normality influenced decision-making rationales and outcomes affecting (dis)enrolled students. Additionally, findings indicated leaders’ sense of identity impacted their interpretation of and reaction to program polices, local market pressures, and their construction of the “good consumer”—a parent/child dyad prepared for rigor with the exhibition of self-control. This research evinces complexities undergirding leaders’ decision-making when choosing to (dis)enrol students in publicly-funded voucher programs on privately-driven markets and how decisions function to (re)shape (dis)ability discourses in early childhood

Building in Struggle: A Home Buying Cooperative as a Transformative Asset Accumulation Enterprise- A Case Study Analysis

The object of this study is twofold: One of the objectives is to analyze predatory lending practices as a result of the subprime market crisis and the effects it posed to African Americans wealth accumulation. And the second objective is to explore how the cooperative structure and principles examined through a case study analysis and analyzed within a soci-economic black political economy framework, has the capacity to be transformative in alleviating correlates caused by economic discrimination and economic disenfranchisement experienced by African Americans

Aspects of the biology of some marine ascaridoid nematodes

Larval Anisakis simplex, Pseudoterranova decipiens, Contracaecum osculatum and larvae and adults of Hysterothylacium aduncum were recovered from specimens of cod, haddock, blue whiting and bull rout; however, only A.simplex were retrieved from long rough dab. The epidemiology of infection by these four nematode species was examined both in whole fish, and in individual host tissues and organs. Frequency distributions of nematodes were found to be generally overdispersed in fish. Preliminary investigations revealed no strong evidence to suggest that competi tive interactions occurred between ascaridoid nematodes wi thin fish. Stomach lesions in gadoids were associated with single (partially penetrated) and mul tiple (throughout stomach wall) worm infections of larval A.simplex; such lesions were discrete and raised in appearance. Lesions associated with 1-3 larval P.decipiens in an open cavity within the stomach of angler fish were diffuse and not significantly raised. Histological examination of each form of ulcer revealed general similarities in pathology, with infil tration of inflamatory cells being the initial response to the nematode\s. Changes in the cephalic morphology of A.simplex, P.decip1ens, C.osculatum and H.aduncu were examined at different life cycle stages under scanning electron microscopy. Due to their small size, newly hatched third stage larvae of P .decip1ens were cultured in a bacterial mat prior to fixation for S.E.M., and the external ultrastructure of these larvae is described. The most prominent external feature at this stage is the cephalic boring tooth. Aspects of the internal ultrastructure of A. simplex, P.decipiens, C.osculatum and H.aduncu were examined using transmission electron microscopy. Newly hatched third stage larvae of P.decipiens show little differentiation of internal organs. The ultrastructure of sensory amphids in H.aduncum and A. simplex is cons i stent wi th that of a chemoreceptor, that of the single papilla in P.decipiens a mechanoreceptor. The ultrastructure of the digestive tract, excretory gland and body wall of marine ascaridoids were also examined